Which medical specialty studies blood disorders?

• A. Cardiology
• B. Hematology
• C. Neurology
• D. Endocrinology

Answer: (B)

Blood disorders involve conditions affecting red cells, white cells, platelets, and the proteins that control bleeding. The specialty that studies and treats these issues is hematology. It covers diagnosing and managing anemia, bleeding and clotting disorders, and blood cancers, often using tests such as a complete blood count, iron studies, coagulation tests, peripheral blood smear, and sometimes bone marrow biopsy. Practitioners may work with related areas like transfusion medicine and oncology, but hematology is the field dedicated to blood diseases. By comparison, cardiology focuses on the heart and vessels, neurology on the nervous system, and endocrinology on glands and hormones.